醫週譯：Abscess/膿瘡
編輯歷史
| 時間 | 作者 | 版本 |
|---|---|---|
| 2017-07-12 04:35 – 05:14 | r0 – r2 | |
顯示 diff+ 醫週譯：Abscess/膿瘡
+ *建議把條目的名字改作膿瘍/膿腫，這兩者都比膿瘡常用。我會暫時用膿瘍翻譯。
+ *由於維基條目命名有「先到先得」的概念（第一個把這個知識寫進維基百科的人有命名權，用這樣的方式解決港中台命名可能有很大差異的政治問題），但同時也有「用事物的常用名稱命名」的規範，所以我現在去膿瘡的中文條目創建者那邊提問，看他有沒有善意回應囉。
+ *Update：他歡迎我們自己修，所以現在改成膿瘍了
+
+ An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body.[1] Signs and symptoms for those close to the skin include: redness, pain, warmth, and swelling that when pressed feels like it is fluid filled.[1] The area of redness often extends beyond the swelling.[2] Carbuncles and furuncles are types of abscess that often involves hair follicles with carbuncles being larger.[3]
+
+ '''膿瘍'''（{{lang-en|Abscess}}）又稱作'''膿瘍'''、'''膿腫'''指的是在身體[[組織 (生物學)|組織]]中蓄積的[[膿]][1]。接近體表的膿瘍會有紅、腫、熱、痛等症狀，觸診病灶時感覺其內部充滿液體[1]，皮膚發紅的範圍常比腫起的範圍更大[2]。常見的體表膿瘍包括發生在[[毛囊]]的[[癰]]（影響範圍較大）與{{link-en|癤|boil}}（影響範圍較小）等[3]。
+
+ *(1)英文版其實有carbuncle這條XD
+ *(2)體內器官的abscess都沒講沒問題嗎，肝腎腦骨應該都算常見，扁桃腺也會有
+ *(1)天呀我剛剛居然google carbuncle的圖片...還我晚餐的胃口呀 XD
+ *(2)骨頭也會積膿嗎？好酷喔
+ *[1] <ref name=NEJM2014>{{cite journal|last=Singer|first=AJ|author2=Talan, DA|title=Management of skin abscesses in the era of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.|journal=The New England journal of medicine|date=Mar 13, 2014|volume=370|issue=11|pages=1039–47|pmid=24620867}}</ref>
+ *[2] <ref name=El2009>{{cite book|last=Elston|first=Dirk M.|title=Infectious Diseases of the Skin.|date=2009|publisher=Manson Pub.|location=London|isbn=9781840765144|page=12|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=esPkuOxZajYC&pg=PA12}}</ref>
+ *[3] <ref name=Rosen2014Chp120>{{cite book|last=Marx|first=John A. Marx|title=Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=1455706051|pages=Chapter 120|edition=8th ed.|chapter=Dermatologic Presentations}}</ref>
+ <!-- Cause -->
+ They are usually cause by a bacterial infection.[4] Often many different types of bacteria are involved in a single infection.[2] In the United States and many other areas of the world the most common bacteria present is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.[1] Rarely parasites can causes abscesses and this is more common in the developing world.[5] Diagnosis is usually made based on what it looks like and is confirmed by cutting it open.[1] Ultrasound imaging may be useful in cases in which the diagnosis is not clear.[1] In abscesses around the anus, computer tomography (CT) may be important to look for deeper infection.[5]
+ <!-- 成因 -->
+ 膿瘍源自[[病原菌]]的[[感染]][4]，在病灶處常有許多不同種的細菌同時感染[2]。在美國與世界許多地區裡，在膿瘍中最常見的菌種是[[抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌]][1]，在[[發展中國家]]偶爾也可見到由[[寄生蟲]]引起的膿瘍[5]。通常診斷要從外型以及切開後觀察確定[1]，[[超音波]]在無法確定診斷時或許有幫助[1]，而更為深處的膿瘍則可能需要以[[X射線電腦斷層掃描|電腦斷層]]才能發現[5]（比如說{{link-en|肛門膿瘍|anorectal abscess}}等）。
+
+ *同樣的，肝腎腦膿瘍也會需要。
+ *我把肛門膿瘍連到比較精確的英文條目去了，原來連到肛門對讀者來說可能有點…難懂。
+ *好主意！
+ *[4] <ref name=Cox2007>{{cite book|last=Cox|first=Carol Turkington, Jeffrey S. Dover ; medical illustrations, Birck|title=The encyclopedia of skin and skin disorders|date=2007|publisher=Facts on File|location=New York, NY|isbn=9780816075096|page=1|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=GKVPHoIs8uIC&pg=PA1|edition=3rd ed.}}</ref>
+ *[5] <ref name=Rosen2014Chp137>{{cite book|last=Marx|first=John A. Marx|title=Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=1455706051|pages=Chapter 137|edition=8th ed.|chapter=Skin and Soft Tissue Infections}}</ref>
+ *
+ <!-- Management -->
+ Standard treatment for most skin or soft tissue abscesses is cutting it open and drainage.[6] There does not appear to be any benefit from also using antibiotics in most people who are otherwise healthy.[1] A small amount of evidence supports not packing with gause the cavity that remains after drainage.[1] Closing this cavity right after draining it rather than leaving it open may speed healing without increase the risk of the abscess returning.[7] Sucking out the pus with a needle is often not sufficient.[1]
+ <!-- 管理 -->
+ 皮膚與軟組織膿瘍的標準治療方式是{{link-en|切開引流|incision and drainage}}[6]，[[抗細菌藥|抗生素]]治療對於原先健康的患者而言並沒有幫助[1]。有少量的證據支持在引流後不用紗布填塞留下的空腔[1]。相對於等待其自行癒合，在引流後縫合空腔可能加速癒合且不會增加膿瘍復發的機會[7]。單以針頭進行引流而不進行切開常無法將膿瘍引流乾淨[1]。
+
+ *incision and drainage在英文版有條目，我把連結加上去。
+ *[6] <ref name="ACEPfive">{{Citation |author1 = American College of Emergency Physicians |author1-link = American College of Emergency Physicians |title = Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question |publisher = American College of Emergency Physicians |work = [[Choosing Wisely]]: an initiative of the [[ABIM Foundation]] |page = |url = http://www.choosingwisely.org/doctor-patient-lists/american-college-of-emergency-physicians/ |accessdate = January 24, 2014}}</ref>
+ *[7] <ref name=Singer2011>{{cite journal|last=Singer|first=AJ|coauthors=Thode HC, Jr; Chale, S; Taira, BR; Lee, C|title=Primary closure of cutaneous abscesses: a systematic review.|journal=The American journal of emergency medicine|date=May 2011|volume=29|issue=4|pages=361-6|pmid=20825801}}</ref>
+ <!-- Epidemiology -->
+ Skin abscesses are common and have become more common in recent years.[1] Risk factors include intravenous drug use with rates reported as high as 65% in this population.[8] In 2005 in the United States 3.2 million people went to the emergency department for an abscess.[9] In Australia around 13,000 people were hospitalized in 2008 for the disease.[10]
+ <!-- 流行病學 -->
+ 近年來皮膚膿瘍是常見的疾病，而且還有更為盛行的趨勢[1]。罹患皮膚膿瘍的風險因子主要是{{link-en|施打靜脈藥物|drug injection}}，這個族群的皮膚膿瘍盛行率有65%[8]。2005年美國有三百二十萬人因皮膚膿瘍而至急診就診[9]，而在澳洲，2008年有一萬三千人因皮膚膿瘍而住院治療[10]。
+
+ *翻到這裡我突然覺得，這個條目應該要改成皮膚膿瘍比較恰當，它並不打算談其他的膿瘍的說……
+ *我會反應到計畫專案裡頭，問一下是否改名為Skin Abscess比較適合條目
+ *[8] <ref>{{cite book|last=Langrod|first=Pedro Ruiz, Eric C. Strain, John G.|title=The substance abuse handbook|date=2007|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9780781760454|page=373|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=6LkNShsAw78C&pg=PA373}}</ref>
+ *[9]<ref name=Taira2009>{{cite journal|last=Taira|first=BR|coauthors=Singer, AJ; Thode HC, Jr; Lee, CC|title=National epidemiology of cutaneous abscesses: 1996 to 2005.|journal=The American journal of emergency medicine|date=Mar 2009|volume=27|issue=3|pages=289-92|pmid=19328372}}</ref>
+ *[10]<ref name=Vas2012>{{cite journal|last=Vaska|first=VL|coauthors=Nimmo, GR; Jones, M; Grimwood, K; Paterson, DL|title=Increases in Australian cutaneous abscess hospitalisations: 1999-2008.|journal=European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology|date=Jan 2012|volume=31|issue=1|pages=93-6|pmid=21553298}}</ref>
+
+ 2014-01-07 尚未與中文維基百科「膿瘍」的引言頁面整合
+ 回到入口頁
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