布如里氏潰瘍 (Buruli ulcer)
編輯歷史
| 時間 | 作者 | 版本 |
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| 2017-07-17 16:22 | r2 | |
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| 2017-07-12 07:05 – 07:06 | r0 – r1 | |
顯示 diff+ 布如里氏潰瘍 (Buruli ulcer)
+
+ Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_Buruli
+ {{Medical}}
+ {{Infobox disease
+ | Name = Buruli ulcer
+ | Image = Buruli ulcer left ankle EID.jpg
+ | Caption = 來自迦納的患者，腳踝上有布如里氏潰瘍。
+ | DiseasesDB = 8568
+ | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|31|1|a|30}} ([[ILDS]] A31.120)
+ | ICD9 = {{ICD9|031.1}}
+ | ICDO =
+ | OMIM =
+ | MedlinePlus =
+ | eMedicineSubj =
+ | eMedicineTopic =
+ | MeshID = D009165
+ }}
+
+ Buruli ulcer (also known as the Bairnsdale ulcer, Searls ulcer, or Daintree ulcer[1][2][3]) is an infectious diseasecaused by Mycobacterium ulcerans.[4] The early stage of the infection is characterised by a painless nodule or area of swelling.[4] This nodule can turn into an ulcer.[4] The ulcer may be larger inside than at the surface of the skin,[5] and can be surrounded by swelling.[5] As the disease worsens, bone can be infected.[4] Buruli ulcers most commonly affect the arms or legs;[4] fever is uncommon.[4]
+ <!-- 定義與症狀 -->
+ "布如里氏潰瘍"（{{Lang-en|Buruli ulcer}}），又稱為班茲達潰瘍（{{Lang-en|Bairnsdale ulcer}}）、塞爾氏潰瘍（{{Lang-en|Searl's ulcer}}）、丹特里潰瘍（{{Lang-en|Daintree ulcer}}）[1][2][3]，為一種由{{Link-en|潰瘍分枝桿菌|Mycobacterium ulcerans}}造成的[[傳染病|傳染性疾病]][4]。感染早期以無痛性{{Link-en|結節|nodule}}或局部水腫為特徵[4]。結節會發展成{{Link-en|潰瘍|ulcer}}[4]，而潰瘍內部可能比皮膚表面來的大[5]，且周圍會水腫[5]。當疾病惡化時，骨頭可能會受侵犯。布如里氏潰瘍通常在手臂及腿[4]，但發燒症狀並不常見[4]。
+ *別稱的Daintree 還有 Bairnsdale看似為澳洲的地名，詳見國家教育研究院的地理名詞資料庫班茲達、丹特里、以及WHO的說明。賽爾氏潰瘍的翻譯是找到一篇簡報說Searl是一位1930年代發表這個潰瘍的澳洲醫師Dr J R Searl，另外根據這裡的發音說明把Searl音譯為賽爾式。關於這些別稱確切的來源，也已經回信詢問英文團隊。
+ *
+ *Reference
+ *[1]James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 340. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
+ *<ref name="Andrews">{{cite book |author=James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. |title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |location= |year=2006 |pages=340 |isbn=0-7216-2921-0 }}</ref>
+ *[2]Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. Chapter 74. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
+ *<ref name="Bolognia">{{cite book |author=Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. |title=Dermatology: 2-Volume Set |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |at=Chapter 74 |isbn=1-4160-2999-0 }}</ref>
+ *[3]Lavender CJ, Senanayake SN, Fyfe JA, et al. (January 2007). "First case of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease (Bairnsdale or Buruli ulcer) acquired in New South Wales". Med. J. Aust. 186 (2): 62–3. PMID 17223764.
+ *<ref>{{cite journal |author=Lavender CJ, Senanayake SN, Fyfe JA, ''et al.'' |title=First case of ''Mycobacterium ulcerans'' disease (Bairnsdale or Buruli ulcer) acquired in New South Wales |journal=Med. J. Aust. |volume=186 |issue=2 |pages=62–3 |date=January 2007 |pmid=17223764 |url=http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/186_02_150107/lav10784_fm.html}}</ref>
+ *[4]Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans infection) Fact sheet N°199". World Health Organization. June 2013. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
+ *<ref name=WHO2013>{{cite web|title=Buruli ulcer (''Mycobacterium ulcerans'' infection) Fact sheet N°199|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs199/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=23 February 2014|date=June 2013}}</ref>
+ *[5] Nakanaga, K; Yotsu, RR; Hoshino, Y; Suzuki, K; Makino, M; Ishii, N (2013). "Buruli ulcer and mycolactone-producing mycobacteria.". Japanese journal of infectious diseases 66 (2): 83–8. PMID 23514902.
+ *<ref name=Nak2013>{{cite journal|last=Nakanaga|first=K|author2=Yotsu, RR |author3=Hoshino, Y |author4=Suzuki, K |author5=Makino, M |author6= Ishii, N |title=Buruli ulcer and mycolactone-producing mycobacteria.|journal=Japanese journal of infectious diseases|year=2013|volume=66|issue=2|pages=83–8|pmid=23514902}}</ref>
+ <!-- Cause -->
+ M. ulcerans releases a toxin known as mycolactone, which decreases immune system function and results in tissue death.[4] Bacteria from the same family also cause tuberculosis and leprosy (M. tuberculosis and M. leprae, respectively).[4] How the disease is spread is not known.[4] Sources of water may be involved in the spread.[5] As of 2013 there is no effective vaccine.[4][6]
+ <!-- 成因 -->
+ 潰瘍分枝桿菌會釋放環內脂類毒素（mycolactone），可造成[[免疫抑制|免疫功能下降]]，並導致[[細胞凋亡|組織壞死]][4]。分枝桿菌科中的[[結核桿菌]]及[[麻风杆菌|痲瘋桿菌]]分別會造成[[結核|結核病]]及[[痲瘋]][4]。布如里氏潰瘍如何傳播仍未知，而水源可能為傳染途徑[5]。截至2013年為止尚無有效疫苗[4][6]。
+ *Reference
+ *[6]Einarsdottir T, Huygen K (November 2011). "Buruli ulcer". Hum Vaccin 7 (11): 1198–203. doi:10.4161/hv.7.11.17751.PMID 22048117.
+ *<ref name=Ein2011>{{cite journal |author=Einarsdottir T, Huygen K |title=Buruli ulcer |journal=Hum Vaccin |volume=7 |issue=11 |pages=1198–203 |date=November 2011 |pmid=22048117 |doi=10.4161/hv.7.11.17751 |url=http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/hv/abstract.php?id=17751}}</ref>
+
+ <!-- Treatment -->
+ If people are treated early, antibiotics for eight weeks are effective in 80%.[4] The treatment often includes the medications rifampicin and streptomycin.[4] Clarithromycin or moxifloxacin are sometimes used instead of streptomycin.[4] Other treatments may include cutting out the ulcer.[4][7] After the infection heals, the area typically has a scar.[6]
+ <!-- 治療 -->
+ 若早期治療，連續8周抗生素的療程約可達約80%的成果[4]，而通常包含{{Link-en|rifampin}}和{{Link-en|streptomycin}}[4]（{{Link-en|Clarithromycin}}或{{Link-en|moxifloxacin}}有時可取代{{Link-en|streptomycin}}[4]）；其他治療方法則為切除潰瘍病灶處[4][7]。感染癒合後，病灶處通常有疤痕[6]。
+ *Reference
+ *[7]Sizaire V, Nackers F, Comte E, Portaels F (2006). "Mycobacterium ulcerans infection: control, diagnosis, and treatment". Lancet Infect Dis 6 (5): 288–296. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70464-9. PMID 16631549.
+ *<ref name=Siz2006>{{cite journal | author=Sizaire V, Nackers F, Comte E, Portaels F | title=''Mycobacterium ulcerans'' infection: control, diagnosis, and treatment | journal=Lancet Infect Dis |year=2006 | volume=6 | issue=5 | pages=288–296 | pmid=16631549 | doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70464-9 | url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1473-3099(06)70464-9 }}</ref>
+
+ <!-- Epidemiology -->
+ Buruli ulcers occurs most commonly in rural sub-Saharan Africa especially Cote d'Ivoire, but can also occur in Asia, the Western Pacific and the Americas.[4] Cases have occurred in more than 32 countries.[5] About five to six thousand cases occur every year.[4] The disease also occurs in a number of animals other than humans.[4] Albert Ruskin Cook was the first to describe buruli ulcers in 1897.[5]
+ <!-- 預後、流行病學與歷史-->
+ 布如里氏潰瘍最常發生在[[撒哈拉以南非洲]]的農村，尤其是[[象牙海岸]]，但在亞洲、西太平洋地區以及美洲也可能發生[4]。全世界超過32個國家曾有此疾病的報告[5]。每年約5000至6000的案例數發生[4]，另外也可能發生在其他種類的動物身上[4]。{{Link-en|Albert Ruskin Cook}}於1897年首次描述此疾病[5]。
+ *爆發有造成流行的意思，所以改成“曾有此疾病的報告”
+ 2015-02-24 已經將此頁內容創建到中文「布如里氏潰瘍」條目。
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