Wikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Translation task force/RTT/Simple Trichuriasis
中文維基條目：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9E%AD%E8%99%AB%E7%97%85
Trichuriasis, also known as whipworm infection, is an infection by the parasitic worm Trichuris trichiura (whipworm).[1] If infection is only with a few worms, there are often no symptoms.[2] In those who are infected with many worms, there may be abdominal pain, tiredness and diarrhea.[2] The diarrhea sometimes contains blood.[2] Infections in children may cause poor intellectual and physical development.[2] Low red blood cell levels may occur due to loss of blood.[1]
’’’鞭蟲病’’’，.（Trichuriasis），是由一種名為[[鞭蟲]]（’’{{lang|la|Trichuris trichiura}}’’）的[[寄生蟲]]感染所導致的疾病[1]。疾病的症狀取決於患者體內的鞭蟲數量，如果只感染很少量的蟲，常常不會有顯著症狀[2]，但若感染蟲數很多，則會出現[[腹痛]]、疲累和[[腹瀉]]等症狀[2]。當孩童感染時，可能會使孩童的智力和身體發展受到影響[2]。腹瀉有時候會帶有[[血]][2]，也會因此使得血中紅血球數量減少[1]；也有可能有直腸脫垂的狀況[1]。
The disease is usually spread when people eat food or drink water that contains the eggs of these worms.[2] This may occur when contaminated vegetables are not fully cleaned or cooked.[2] Often these eggs are in the soil in areas where people defecate outside and where untreated human feces are used as fertilizer.[1] These eggs originate from the feces of infected people.[2] Young children playing in such soil and putting their hands in their mouths also become infected easily.[2] The worms live in the large bowel and are about four centimetres in length.[1] Whipworm is diagnosed by seeing the eggs when examining the stool with a microscope.[3] Eggs are barrel-shaped.[4] Trichuriasis belongs to the group of soil-transmitted helminthiasis.
鞭蟲病屬於土壤媒介的蠕蟲病，這個疾病通常藉由含有鞭蟲卵的飲水或食物傳播，像是食用含有蟲卵卻沒有清洗乾淨或未烹煮過的蔬菜[2]。鞭蟲的蟲卵常隨受感染者的糞便排至體外，常見於人們在{{le|露天排遺|Open defecation|戶外隨地大便}}、以及用未處理過的人類[[糞便]]做為[[肥料]]地區的土壤中[1]。小孩若在這樣的土地上玩耍，又將手放到嘴巴裡，很容易被感染。[1]鞭蟲的成蟲會寄生在[[大腸]]，長度約4公分[1]。通常藉由以[[顯微鏡]]觀察糞便檢體尋找蟲卵，蟲卵特徵為桶狀外觀且兩端有突出的透明卵塞，來診斷是否受鞭蟲寄生[3][4]。
Prevention is by properly cooking food and hand washing before cooking.[5] Other measures include improving access to sanitation such as ensuring use of functional and clean toilets[5] and access to clean water.[6] In areas of the world were the infections are common, often entire groups of people will be treated all at once and on a regular basis.[7] Treatment is with three days of the medication: albendazole, mebendazole or ivermectin.[8] People often become infected again after treatment.[9]
藉由適當的烹煮食物和烹飪前[[洗手]]可以預防鞭蟲病。其他的預防方式包括改善衛生[5]，例如：使用乾淨的[[沖水馬桶]][5]和乾淨的水源[6]。疫區的人可能會集體感染，故需要同時接受治療[7]。鞭蟲病常使用的藥物有：[[阿苯達唑]]、[[甲苯咪唑]]或是[[伊維菌素]][8]，療程約三天。鞭蟲病在患者痊癒後可能會再次感染[9]。
Whipworm infection affects about 600 to 800 million people worldwide.[1][10] It is most common in tropical countries.[7] In the developing world, those infected with whipworm often also have hookworms and ascariasis infections.[7] They have a large effect on the economy of many countries.[11] Work is ongoing to develop a vaccine against the disease.[7] Trichuriasis is classified as a neglected tropical disease.[12]
鞭蟲感染影響全世界大約6億到8億的人口[1][10]。鞭蟲病普遍分布於[[熱帶國家]][7]，在開發中國家中，被鞭蟲感染的病患通常也會被[[鉤蟲]]與[[蛔蟲]]所感染[7]，這些病原體對許多國家的經濟有很大的影響[11]，目前對抗鞭蟲病的疫苗正在研發中[7]
[12]。