https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_uterine_fibroid
中文條目：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%AE%AE%E8%82%8C%E7%98%A4
Uterine fibroids, also known asuterine leiomyoma, myoma,fibromyoma, fibroleiomyoma, arebenign muscle tumors of the uterus. Most women have no symptoms while other have painful or heavy periods. If they push on the bladder a frequent need to pee may occur. They may also cause pain during sex or lower back pain. There can either be one or many. Occationally fibroids may make it difficult to get pregnant although this is uncommon.[1]
子宮肌瘤（{{lang-en|uterine fibroids, uterine leiomyoma, myoma, fibromyoma, fibroleiomyoma}}）是發生於[[子宮]]的{{le|平滑肌瘤|Leiomyoma}}。大多數得到此疾病的婦女並沒有症狀，少數則會出現[[經痛]]或{{le|經血過多|Menorrhagia}}。如果子宮肌瘤壓迫到[[膀胱]]，則有可能會發生[[頻尿症]]；其他症狀還包括[[性交疼痛]]或[[下背痛]]，且病患可能會出現一至多種症狀。有時子宮肌瘤可能會導致[[懷孕]]困難，但這不常見[1]。
The exact cause in unclear. Fibroids; however, run in families and appear to be partly determined by hormonelevels. Risk factors include obesity and eating a lot of red meat. Diagnosis may occur by pelvic examination ormedical imaging.[1]
子宮肌瘤的確實發病機制尚不清楚。然而子宮肌瘤常在家族中出，部份原因可能和[[荷爾蒙]]比例有關。子宮肌瘤的風險因子包含[[肥胖症]]與攝食太多[[紅肉]]。可以用[[骨盆檢查]]或[[醫學影像]]來檢查[1]。
Treatment is typically not needed if there are no symptoms. In those with mild symptoms, ibuprofen orparacetamol (acetaminophen) may help. Iron supplements may be needed in those with heavy periods. Medications of the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists class may decrease the size of the fibroids but are expensive and associated with side effects. If greater symptoms are present surgery to remove the fibroid or uterus may help. Uterine artery embolization may also help. Cancerousversions of fibroids are very rare and called leiomyosarcoma. They do not appear to develop from benign fibroids.[1]
若子宮肌瘤沒有症狀，一般是不需治療的。若有輕微症狀，可以用[[布洛芬]]或[[乙醯胺酚]]治療，若月經過多需補充鐵質。{{le|性腺激素釋放素抑制劑|gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists}}之類的藥物可能可以使肌瘤縮小，但價格昂貴且有副作用。若有較明顯的症狀，手術切除肌瘤甚至子宮會有幫助。也可以用{{le|子宫动脉栓塞术|Uterine artery embolization}}治療。{{le|惡性|Cancerous}}的肌瘤稱為[[平滑肌肉瘤]]，非常少見，也不會由良性的子宮肌瘤轉變為平滑肌肉瘤[1]。
About 20% to 80% of women develop fibroids by the age of 50.[1] In 2013 it was estimated that 171 million women were affected.[2] They are typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. Aftermenopause they usually decrease in size.[1] In the United States, uterine fibroids are a common reason forsurgical removal of the uterus.[3]
約20%至80%的女性在50歲以前會有過子宮肌瘤[1]。在2013年估計有1.71億的女性得到子宮肌瘤[2]。一般會在生育年齡的中期或末期出現，在[[停經]]後其尺寸會縮小[1]。在美國，子宮肌瘤是[[子宮切除術]]的常見原因之一[3]。
目前中文條目內容
子宮肌瘤（Uterine fibroids或是Uterine Fibroma或是leiomyomata）是子宮壁肌肉和纖維組織所構成的良性腫瘤，多見於30-50歲婦女。
腫瘤生長在肌壁內稱肌壁間肌瘤；向子宮腔內生長稱粘膜下肌瘤，粘膜下肌瘤常引起月經過多、不規則出血、不孕和流產；向子宮漿膜表面生長稱漿膜下肌瘤，無不規則出血症狀。
子宮肌瘤惡變率較低，約占0.5%，絕經後可有萎縮趨勢。一般無症狀的小腫瘤可定期隨訪診斷，不必要處理，較大的發生壓迫症狀或引起腹痛、出血者需 要進行手術摘除；個別年齡較小又希望保持生育者，可進行肌瘤摘除。最近15年來，高強度聚焦技術（high intensity focoused ultrasound，簡稱HIFU）在治療子宮肌瘤方面取得非常明顯效果，通過體外發射超聲波，在腫瘤內聚焦，在焦域區產生高溫 （55°C~75°C），殺滅腫瘤細胞、間質細胞及血管床，對皮膚及腫瘤周圍正常組織無創傷，無創治好子宮肌瘤。HIFU治療術前及術後MRI對比，可以 看出治療前，腫瘤有明顯血流灌注，治療後，腫瘤區域無血流灌注（no perfusion volumn，NPV）。一般治療後1個月腫瘤體積縮小15%~30%，3個月縮小35%~50%，半年縮小50%~82%。HIFU由於不影響卵巢血 供，治療後，不會影響卵巢功能。而介入治療，經子宮動脈栓塞治療子宮肌瘤，由於部分病人子宮動脈與副卵巢動脈共干，栓塞劑返流，可能導致卵巢功能下降，導 致閉經等併發症。
根據患者的病史及體徵，診斷多無困難。個別患者診斷困難，可採用B超檢查、宮腔鏡檢查、腹腔鏡檢查、子宮輸卵管造影等方法協助診斷。