辛伐他汀simvastatin

’’’Simvastatin’’’, marketed under the [[trade name]] ’’’Zocor’’’ among others, is a [[hypolipidemic agent|lipid lowering medication]].<ref name=AHFS2015>{{cite web|title=Simvastatin|url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/simvastatin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Jan 8, 2015}}</ref> It is used along with exercise, diet, and weight loss to decrease [[hyperlipidemia|elevated lipid levels]]. It is also used to decrease the risk of heart problems in those at high risk. It is taken by mouth.<ref name=AHFS2015/>

Serious side effects may include muscle breakdown, liver problems, and increased blood sugar levels. Common side effects include constipation, headaches, and nausea. A lower dose may be needed in people with kidney problems.<ref name=AHFS2015/> There is evidence of harm to a baby when taken during [[pregnancy]].<ref name=AHFS2015/><ref>{{cite web|title=Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database|url=http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm#.U1Yw8Bc3tqw|work=Australian Government|accessdate=22 April 2014|date=3 March 2014}}</ref> It should not be used by those who are [[breastfeeding]]. It is in the [[statin]] class of medications and works by decreasing the manufacture of cholesterol by the liver.<ref name=AHFS2015/>

Simvastatin was developed by [[Merck and Co.|Merck]] and came into medical use in 1992.<ref name=Cec2012>{{cite book|last1=Cechinel-Filho|first1=Valdir|title=Plant bioactives and drug discovery : principles, practice, and perspectives|date=2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=Hoboken, N.J.|isbn=9780470582268|page=104|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=hhraBwhymOUC&pg=PA104}}</ref> It is on the [[World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines]], the most important medications needed in a basic [[health system]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML2015_8-May-15.pdf |title=19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (April 2015) |date=April 2015 |accessdate=May 10, 2015 |publisher=WHO }}</ref> It is available as a [[generic medication]].<ref name=AHFS2015/> The wholesale cost is 0.01 to 0.12 USD per day as of 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=Simvastatin|url=http://erc.msh.org/dmpguide/resultsdetail.cfm?language=english&code=SIM10T&s_year=2014&year=2014&str=10%20mg&desc=Simvastatin&pack=new&frm=TAB-CAP&rte=PO&class_code2=12%2E6%2E&supplement=&class_name=%2812%2E6%2E%29Lipid-lowering%20agents%3Cbr%3E|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=28 November 2015}}</ref> In the United States it costs between 0.50 and 1.00 USD per day.<ref name=AHFS2015/> Simvastatin is made from the fungus ’’[[Aspergillus terreus]]’’.<ref name=Cec2012/>

參考翻譯

Simvastatin, marketed under the trade name(商業名稱) Zocor among others, is a lipid lowering medication(降血脂药).^[1] It is used along with exercise, diet, and weight loss to decrease elevated lipid levels(高脂血症). It is also used to decrease the risk of heart problems in those at high risk. It is taken by mouth.^[1]

Serious side effects may include muscle breakdown, liver problems, and increased blood sugar levels. Common side effects include constipation, headaches, and nausea. A lower dose may be needed in people with kidney problems.^[1] There is evidence of harm to a baby when taken during pregnancy(妊娠).^[1][2] It should not be used by those who are breastfeeding(母乳餵養). It is in the statin(羟甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂) class of medications and works by decreasing the manufacture of cholesterol by the liver.^[1]

Simvastatin was developed by Merck(默克藥廠) and came into medical use in 1992.^[3] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines(世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单), the most important medications needed in a basic health system.^[4] It is available as a generic medication(通用名药物).^[1] The wholesale cost is 0.01 to 0.12 USD per day as of 2014.^[5] In the United States it costs between 0.50 and 1.00 USD per day.^[1] Simvastatin is made from the fungus Aspergillus terreus(土麴黴).^[3]

==References==