<!-- 定義與醫療用途 -->
’’’敏克瘤注射液(vincristine)’’或稱為文克斯汀注射液，又稱為’’’長春新鹼(leurocristine)’’’，市面上的 [[品牌] 名稱為’’’Oncovin’’’， 係為一種 [[化學療法]] 用以治療許多 [[癌症]]<ref name=AHFS2015>{{cite web|title=Vincristine Sulfate
|url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/vincristine-sulfate.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Jan 2, 2015}}</ref> 包含 [[急性淋巴性白血病]], [[急性骨髓性白血病]], [[霍奇金氏淋巴瘤]], [[neuroblastoma]]以及[[small cell lung cancer]] 等癌症。<!-- <ref name=AHFS2015/> --> It is given intravenously.<ref name=AHFS2015/>
<!--證據和副作用-->
許多人使用長春新鹼會發生一些副作用<!-- <ref name=AHFS2015/> --> ，通常是在感知上發生變化、落髮、便秘、步行障礙以及頭痛<!-- <ref name=AHFS2015/> --> 。嚴重的副作用包含 [[neuropathic pain]], 間質性肺病或 [[leukopenia|low blood white cells]]<!-- <ref name=AHFS2015/> -->。長春新鹼可能對[[懷孕]]的患者腹中的胎兒造成傷害<!-- <ref name=AHFS2015/> -->；係利用 [[mitotic inhibitor|stopping cells from dividing properly]]以發揮作用<ref name=AHFS2015/>。
<!-- 歷史，社會與文化 -->
長春新鹼首次於 1961 年被獨立出來<ref name=Rav2011>{{cite book|last1=Ravina|first1=Enrique|title=The evolution of drug discovery : from traditional medicines to modern drugs|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location=Weinheim|isbn=9783527326693|page=157-159|edition=1. Aufl.|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&pg=PA157}}</ref>，它被列入[[世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單]] ，是基層[[衛生系統]]中最重要的藥物之一<ref>{{cite web|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines|url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/93142/1/EML_18_eng.pdf?ua=1|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=22 April 2014|date=October 2013|format=PDF}}</ref>，每劑批發價大約在 1.80 到 42.60 美元之譜<ref>{{cite web|title=Vincristine|url=http://erc.msh.org/dmpguide/resultsdetail.cfm?language=english&code=VINC1A&s_year=2014&year=2014&str=1%20mg&desc=Vincristine&pack=new&frm=VIAL&rte=INJ&class_code2=08%2E2%2E&supplement=&class_name=%2808%2E2%2E%29Cytotoxic%20and%20adjuvant%20medicines%3Cbr%3E|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=28 November 2015}}</ref> 。長春新鹼是取自"’[[Catharanthus roseus]]’’長春花(Madagascar periwinkle)的長春花生物鹼類[[vinca alkaloid]] <ref name=Rav2011/>。
參考翻譯
Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and marketed under the brandname(品牌) Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy(化学疗法) medication used to treat a number of types of cancer(癌症).[5] This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia(急性淋巴性白血病), acute myeloid leukemia(急性骨髓性白血病), Hodgkin’s disease(霍奇金淋巴瘤), neuroblastoma, and small cell lung cancer among others. It is given intravenously.[5]
Most people experience some side effects from vincristine treatment. Commonly it causes a change in sensation, hair loss, constipation, difficulty walking, and headaches. Serious side effects may include neuropathic pain, lung damage, or low blood white cells(白细胞减少症). It will likely cause harm to an infant if given during pregnancy(妊娠). It works by stopping cells from dividing properly.[5]
Vincristine was first isolated in 1961.[6] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines(世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单), the most important medication needed in a basic health system.[7]The wholesale cost is between 1.80 and 42.60 USD per dose.[8] It is a vinca alkaloid that can be gotten from the Madagascar periwinkle Catharanthus roseus(長春花).[6]