{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = 角膜刮傷
| image = Human cornea with abrasion highlighted by fluorescein staining.jpg
| caption = A corneal abrasion after staining with [[fluorescein]].
| symptoms = eye pain, [[light sensitivity]]<ref name=Fah2015/>
| onset = rapid<ref>{{cite book|last1=FNP-C|first1=Maria T. Codina Leik, MSN, APRN, BC|title=Family Nurse Practitioner Certification Intensive Review: Fast Facts and Practice Questions, Second Edition|date=2013|publisher=Springer Publishing Company|isbn=9780826134257|page=112|edition=2|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=sAwmPqZ4YjIC&pg=PA112|language=en}}</ref>
| duration = less than 3 days<ref name=Fah2015/>
| causes = minor trauma, contact len use<ref name=Fah2015/>
| risks =
| diagnosis = [[slit lamp]] exam<ref name=Fah2015/>
| differential = [[corneal ulcer]], [[globe rupture]]<ref name=Fah2015/>
| prevention = [[eye protection]]<ref name=Fah2015/>
| treatment =
| medication =
| frequency = 3 per 1,000 per year (United States)<ref name=Fah2015/>
| deaths =
}}
<!-- Definition and symptoms -->
’’’Corneal abrasion’’’ is a scratch to the surface of the [[cornea]] of the [[eye]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2016-11-06|title=Corneal Abrasion |publisher=National Eye Institute|url=https://nei.nih.gov/faqs/cornea-corneal-abrasion|website=nei.nih.gov}}</ref> Symptoms include pain, redness, [[light sensitivity]], and a feeling like a [[foreign body]] is in the eye.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> Most people recover completely within three days.<ref name=Fah2015/>
<!-- 定義與症狀 -->
’’’角膜刮傷’’’ 是指[[眼睛]]的[[角膜]]表面刮傷<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2016-11-06|title=Corneal Abrasion |publisher=National Eye Institute|url=https://nei.nih.gov/faqs/cornea-corneal-abrasion|website=nei.nih.gov}}</ref>，症狀包含眼睛疼痛、紅腫、[[light sensitivity(對光敏感)]]、眼睛內有[[異物]]感<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> Most people recover completely within three days.<ref name=Fah2015/>。
<!-- Cause and diagnosis -->
Most cases are due to minor trauma to the eye such as that which can occur with [[contact lens]] use or from fingernails.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> About 25% of cases occur at work.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> Diagnosis is often by [[slit lamp]] examination after [[fluorescein dye]] has been applied.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> More significant injuries like a corneal ulcer, [[globe rupture]], [[recurrent erosion syndrome]], and a [[foreign body]] within the eye should be ruled out.<ref name=Fah2015>{{cite journal|first1=Faheem|last1=Ahmed|first2=Robert James|last2=House|first3=Brad Hal|last3=Feldman|title=Corneal Abrasions and Corneal Foreign Bodies|journal=Primary Care|date=1 September 2015|issn=1558-299X|pages=363–375|volume=42|issue=3|pmid=26319343|doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.004}}</ref>
<!-- 成因與診斷 -->
角膜刮傷的大部分病例是因為以手指戴上[[隱形眼鏡]]時造成眼睛的微小創傷<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> 大約四分之一的病例是在工作時受傷<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> -->。醫生診斷時會用[[螢光素]]染色后，再使用[[裂隙燈]]來照<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> -->。更嚴重的創傷可能是眼睛角膜潰瘍、[[眼球破裂]]、[[recurrent erosion syndrome]]以及眼內有[[異物]]都与角膜劃伤不同。<ref name=Fah2015>{{cite journal|first1=Faheem|last1=Ahmed|first2=Robert James|last2=House|first3=Brad Hal|last3=Feldman|title=Corneal Abrasions and Corneal Foreign Bodies|journal=Primary Care|date=2015年12月1日|issn=1558-299X|pages=363–375|volume=42|issue=3|pmid=26319343|doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.004}}</ref>
<!-- Prevention and treatment -->
Prevention includes the use of [[eye protection]].<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> Treatment is typically with [[antibiotic]] ointment.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> In those who wear contact lenses a [[fluoroquinolone]] antibiotic is often recommended.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> [[Paracetamol]] (acetaminophen), [[NSAIDs]], and eye drops such as [[cyclopentolate]] that [[paralysis the pupil]] can help with pain.<ref name=Fah2015/> Evidence does not support the usefulness of [[eye patching]] for those with simple abrasions.<ref name=Lim2016>{{cite journal|last1=Lim|first1=CH|last2=Turner|first2=A|last3=Lim|first3=BX|title=Patching for corneal abrasion.|journal=The Cochrane database of systematic reviews|date=26 July 2016|volume=7|pages=CD004764|pmid=27457359}}</ref>
<!-- 預防與治療-->
預防方式包括使用[[眼部保護措施]]<ref name=Fah2015/> -->，治療方式通常是使用 [[抗生素]]軟膏<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> -->，通常會建議隱形眼鏡的使用者使用[[喹諾酮]]抗生素<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> -->。 [[Paracetamol]] (acetaminophen普除通錠)、[[NSAIDs(非類固醇消炎止痛藥)]], 以及眼藥水如[[cyclopentolate(露睫體痺露)]] 以[[paralysis the pupil(麻痺眼球)]]来舒緩疼痛。 <ref name=Fah2015/>目前尚無證據顯示[[配戴眼罩]]對輕微的撕裂傷口有帮助。<ref name=Lim2016>{{cite journal|last1=Lim|first1=CH|last2=Turner|first2=A|last3=Lim|first3=BX|title=Patching for corneal abrasion.|journal=The Cochrane database of systematic reviews|date=2016年7月26日|volume=7|pages=CD004764|pmid=27457359}}</ref>
<!-- Epidemiology and prognosis -->
About 3 per 1,000 people are affected a year in the United States.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> Males are more often affected than females.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> The typical age group affected is those in their 20s and 30s.<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> Complications can include [[bacterial keratitis]], [[corneal ulcer]], and [[iritis]].<ref name=Fah2015/> Complications may occur in up to 8% of people.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Smolin|first1=Gilbert|last2=Foster|first2=Charles Stephen|last3=Azar|first3=Dimitri T.|last4=Dohlman|first4=Claes H.|title=Smolin and Thoft’s The Cornea: Scientific Foundations and Clinical Practice|date=2005|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781742061|page=798|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=93s6aes5ob0C&pg=PA798|language=en}}</ref>
<!-- 病理學與預後 -->
在美國，一年中每 1000 人中會有 3 人發生角膜刮傷，<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> 其中，男性發生的機率高於女性。<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> -->發生角膜刮傷的典型年齡群大約在20多歲和30多歲，<!-- <ref name=Fah2015/> --> 併發症包含[[bacterial keratitis(細菌型角膜炎)]]、[[角膜潰瘍]]和 and [[iritis(虹膜炎)]]，<ref name=Fah2015/> 發生其他併發症的百分比可能會提升至8%。<ref>{{cite book|last1=Smolin|first1=Gilbert|last2=Foster|first2=Charles Stephen|last3=Azar|first3=Dimitri T.|last4=Dohlman|first4=Claes H.|title=Smolin and Thoft’s The Cornea: Scientific Foundations and Clinical Practice|date=2005|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781742061|page=798|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=93s6aes5ob0C&pg=PA798|language=en}}</ref>
==References==
<references />