英文引言：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_naloxone
中文條目未建立
Naloxone, marketed under the trade names Narcan among others, is a medication used to reverse the effects ofopioids（ 鴉片類藥物） especially in overdose.[1] Naloxone may be combined within the same pill as an opioids to decrease the risk of misuse. When given intravenously( 靜脈注射) it works within two minutes and when injected into a muscle it works within five minutes.[1] The medication may also be used in the nose.[2] The effects of naloxone last about half an hour to an hour.[3] Multiple doses may be required as the duration of action of most opioids is greater than that of naloxone.[1]
’’’納洛酮’’’（Naloxone），又常以[[商品名]]’’’Narcan’’’販售。該藥物可以緩解攝入過量[[鴉片類藥物]]所造成的影響[1]。納洛酮可以與鴉片類藥物混入同一藥品中，以減少誤用時中毒的風險。納洛酮常被製成鼻噴劑[2]。若[[靜脈注射]]給藥，藥效會於兩分鐘內作用；肌肉注射則約為五分鐘內作用[1]。納洛酮的藥效約會維持1至1.5小時左右[3]。由於鴉片類藥物作用的時間較納洛酮長，因此在以納洛酮進行治療時必須多次給藥[1]。
Administration to opioid-dependent individuals may cause symptoms of opioid withdrawal including agitation, nausea, vomiting, a fast heart rate( 心跳過速) and sweating. To prevent this small doses every few minutes can be given until the desired effect is reached. In those with previous heart disease further heart problems have occurred.[1] It appears to be safe in pregnancy after having been given to a limited number of women.[4] Naloxone is a pure opioid antagonist(受體拮抗劑). It works by reversing the depression of the central nervous system and respiratory system caused by opioids.[1]
在成癮者戒斷鴉片類藥物的過程中，有些患者會出現戒斷症。症狀包含躁動、惡心、嘔吐、[[心跳過速|心跳過快]]，和盜汗等等。因此可以在戒斷初期每數分鐘給予納洛酮，直到其症狀舒緩。有心臟病史的患者宜慎用該藥物，因其可能會引發心臟疾病[1]。孕婦在經過小規模人體測試後，目前顯示沒有不良影響[4]。納洛酮為一種競爭性[[受體拮抗劑]]，可與鴉片類藥物競爭中樞神經和呼吸系統的受體，以舒緩症狀[1]。
Naloxone was patented in 1961 by Jack Fishman, Mozes J. Lewenstein, and the company Sankyo. The drug was approved for opioid overdose by Food and Drug Administration( 美國食品藥品監督管理局) in 1971.[5] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines( 世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單), the most important medications needed in a basic health system.[6] Naloxone is available as ageneric medication(通用名藥物) and is not very expensive.[1][7] Its wholesale price is between 0.50 and 5.30 USD per dose.[8]
納洛酮於1961年{{le|傑克·菲什曼|Jack Fishman}}、Mozes J. Lewenstein，和{{le|第一三共株式會社|Daiichi_Sankyo|三共株式會社}}取得專利，並於1971年受[[美國食品藥品監督管理局]]核准成為治療鴉片過量症狀的藥物。該藥也列名於[[世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單]]，為基礎醫療的必備藥物之[6]。納洛酮已經成為[[通用名藥物]]，價格不貴[1][7]，每劑的批發價價格區間約為0.50至5.30美元之間[8]。