英文原文：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_ovary_syndrome
中文條目：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%9B%8A%E5%8D%B5%E5%B7%A2%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87
（原中文引言，歡迎參酌引用）
多囊卵巢綜合症（簡稱PCOS或PCO，或多囊性卵巢症候群或稱多囊卵巢綜合征）是一種影響全球近一成女性的內分泌失調。病徵包括月經稀疏或停止、慢性無排卵、不孕、多毛、痤瘡、發胖、黑棘皮症等。而患者的卵巢會滿布微小的囊腫，嚴重情況下更會使子宮內壁增生，並增加患上子宮癌、糖尿病、抑鬱症的風險。目前尚無法給出較爲有效的治癒方法。
病因：
現代醫院（西醫）：病因尚不清楚，涉及的病理機制非常複雜。一般認為與下丘腦-垂體-卵巢軸功能失常、腎上腺功能紊亂、遺傳、代謝等因素有關。
中醫：本病主要是因腎虛、痰濕、氣滯血瘀、肝經濕熱等導致的腎-天癸-沖任-胞宮軸功能失調，致使月經停閉、不孕等。
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also called Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is a set of symptoms due to elevated male hormone(雄激素) in women.[3] Signs and symptoms of PCOS include irregular or no menstrual periods(月經),heavy periods, excess body and facial hair(多毛症), acne(粉刺), pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant(不孕), andpatches of thick, darker, velvety skin(黑棘皮症).[4] Associated conditions include type 2 diabetes(2型糖尿病), obesity(肥胖症), obstructive sleep apnea(阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停), heart disease(心血管疾病), mood disorders(情感障礙), and endometrial cancer(子宫内膜癌).[3]
’’’多囊性卵巢綜合症’’’（{{lang|en|Polycystic ovary syndrome}}，簡稱’’’PCOS’’）又稱’’’斯-李二氏症’’’（{{lang|en|Stein-Leventhal syndrome}}），是一連串女性因為[[雄性激素]]上升所導致的症狀[3]。多囊性卵巢的症狀包含[[月經]]不規律或是無[[月經]]、[[月經量過多]]、[[多毛症]]、[[粉刺]]、盆腔疼痛、[[難以受孕]]與[[黑棘皮症]][4]。相關的病症包含[[第二型糖尿病]]、[[肥胖症]]、[阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停]]、[[心血管疾病]]、[[情感障礙]]與[[子宮內膜癌]]。
PCOS is due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.[5] Risk factors include obesity(肥胖症), not enough physical exercise, and a family history of someone with the condition.[6] Diagnosis is based on two of the following three findings: no ovulation, high androgen(雄激素) levels, and ovarian cysts.[3] Cysts may be detectable by ultrasound(超聲波). Other conditions that produce similar symptoms include adrenal hyperplasia(先天性腎上腺增生症),hypothyroidism(甲狀腺機能低下症), and hyperprolactinemia.[7]
多囊性卵巢會受基因遺傳與環境因素影響。其危險因子包含[[肥胖症]]，運動量不足或是有家族病史。如果有以下三種症狀中的兩種便可診斷患者有多囊性卵巢:無排卵，雄性激素過高與卵巢囊腫。囊腫可以由[[超音波]影像檢測。其他造成類似症狀的疾病包含[[先天性腎上腺增生症]]，[[甲狀腺機能低下症]]與[[高泌乳素血症]]。
PCOS has no cure.[8] Treatment may involve lifestyle changes such as weight loss and exercise. Birth control pills(避孕药) may help with improving the regularity of periods, excess hair growth, and acne. Metformin(二甲双胍) and anti-androgens(抗雄激素) may also help. Other typical acne treatments and hair removal techniques may be used.[9] Efforts to improve fertility include weight loss, clomiphene, or metformin. In vitro fertilization(體外人工受精) is used by some in whom other measures are not effective.[10]
多囊卵巢綜合症目前並無特效藥[8]。治療則包括減重和運動等轉變生活型態的方式。[[避孕藥物]]也許對於調整經期、抑制多餘的毛髮生長和青春痘有所幫助。[[二甲双胍]]和[[抗雄性激素]]可能有所幫助。另外針對青春痘和多毛等症狀的症狀治療也有一定效果[9]。減重或是使用[[可洛米分]]、降血糖藥物[[每福敏]]對於改善不孕的狀況有所幫助。當其他治療都沒有效果時，則考慮進行[[體外人工授精]][10]。
PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder among women between the ages of 18 and 44.[11] It is believed that the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome reach up to 20% (peaking at 26% in the UK, 17,8% in Australia, 19,9% in Turkey, 15,2% in Iran, according to Rotterdam criteria)[12] of women of reproductive age, manifesting in general, from puberty. It is one of the leading causes of poor fertility.[3] The earliest known description of what is now recognized as PCOS dates from 1721 in Italy.[13]
多囊卵巢綜合症是18歲到44歲女性間，最常見的[[內分泌疾病]][11]。一般認為，多囊卵巢綜合症的發生率，從青春期開始，會在女性生育年齡期間攀升至少百分之二十(根據鹿特丹診斷指引，英國為百分之26、澳洲為百分之17.8、土耳其為百分之19.9、伊朗為百分之15.2[12]。)多囊卵巢綜合症是現今導致不孕的主要原因之一[3]。目前已知最早的多囊卵巢綜合症，是在1721年間在義大利的記錄[13]。