英文引言：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_lyme_disease
中文條目：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E5%A7%86%E7%97%85
（原中文引言，歡迎參酌引用）
因為這種病被公認是在1975年10月，在康乃狄克州的老萊姆鎮，萊姆鎮和東哈丹姆附近地區首次發現而得名。這種病是由於被感染的蜱叮咬而傳染的。1982年，美國國家衛生總局的威利·伯格多費（Willy Burgdorfer）和同事從丹敏硬蜱（Ixodes dammini）分離到萊姆病病原體。
萊姆病是一種地區性、全身性、慢性為症性蜱媒螺旋體病。早期以皮膚慢性遊走性紅斑為特點，以後出現神經、心臟或關節病變，通常在夏季和早秋發病，可發生於任何年齡，男性較多於女性。
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is an infectious disease(感染) caused by bacteria(细菌) of theBorrelia type(属 (生物)).[1] The most common sign of infection is an expanding area of redness, known as erythema migrans, that begins at the site of the bite about a week after it has occurred. The rash is typically neither itchy nor painful. About 25% of people do not develop a rash. Other early symptoms may include fever(发热), headache(頭痛), and feeling tired(疲倦). If untreated, symptoms may include loss of the ability to move one or both sides of the face(貝爾氏麻痹症), joint pains(关节炎), severe headaches with neck stiffness, or heart palpitations(心悸) among others. Month to years later there may be repeated episodes of joint pain and swelling. Occasionally people develop shooting pains or tingling in their arms and legs. About 10 to 20% of people despite appropriate treatment also develop joint pains, have problems with memory, and feel tired much of the time.[2]
’’’萊姆病’’’（{{lang|en|Lyme disease}}）或’’’萊姆疏螺旋體病’’’是一種由{{le|伯氏疏螺旋體|Borrelia}}屬生物引起的細菌性[[傳染病]][1]。最常見的症狀是皮膚會出現不會癢也不會痛的紅斑，稱為{{le|慢性游走性紅斑|Erythema chronic migrans|游走性紅斑}}，通常發生於被叮咬後一周。大約有25%的人不會生紅斑。其他常見症狀包含[[發燒]]、[[頭痛]]，和[[疲倦]]。如果未治療，可能會演變為[[貝爾氏麻痹症|臉部單側或雙側麻痺]]、[[關節炎]]、嚴重頭痛合併頸部僵硬、[[心悸]]等等。感染後一個月至數年間，關節痛和腫脹的症狀可能依再復發。有時患者四肢會發麻或有刺痛感。大約10至20%的人即使經過妥善治療仍會有關節痛、記憶障礙，以及精神不濟的症狀[2]。
Lyme disease is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected ticks(真蜱科) of the Ixodes type.[3] Usually the tick must be attached for 36 to 48 hours before the bacteria is spread.[4] In North America the only bacterium involved is Borrelia burgdorferi(伯氏疏螺旋體) sensu stricto while in Europe and Asia the bacteria Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii are also causes of the disease.[1] The disease does not appear to be transmissible between people, by other animals, or through food.[4] Diagnosis is based upon a combination of symptoms, history of tick exposure, and possibly testing for specific antibodies(抗体) in the blood.[5][6] Blood test are often negative in early disease.[1] Testing of individual ticks is not typically useful.[7]
萊姆病為[[人畜共通傳染病]]，其[[儲備宿主]]為老鼠，並會以[[真蜱科]]{{le|硬蜱屬|Ixodes}}的生物為媒介傳染給人類[3]。通常真蜱動物必須要吸附36~48小時病原體才會轉移[4]。萊姆病的病原體隨地區不同而有所差異，如北美洲的唯一病原體為[[伯氏疏螺旋體]]，歐洲和亞洲有另外數種同屬細菌也會參與傳染（’’{{le|Borrelia afzelii}}’’及’’{{Borrelia garinii}}’’）[1]。萊姆病無法人傳人、人類傳染其他動物
，或經由食物感染[4][中1]。診斷方式包含檢視症狀、風險暴露史，或血液[[抗體]]檢測[5][6]。但感染初期抗體常呈陰性[1]。對於叮咬個體的蜱做病原測試是沒有意義的，因為即使蜱叮咬個體之後也不一定會傳染，且通常症狀會在病原檢測出來之前顯現，等待結果反而錯過治療時機[7]。
Prevention includes efforts to prevent tick bites such as by wearing long pants and using DEET(待乙妥).[1] Usingpesticides(农药) to reduce tick numbers may also be effective.[1] Following a bite antibiotics(抗细菌药) are typically only recommended if the removed tick was full of blood.[1] In this situation a single dose of doxycycline(多西环素) may be recommended.[1] Ticks can be removed using tweezers(鑷子).[8] If an infection develops a number of antibiotics are effective including doxycycline(多西环素), amoxicillin(阿莫西林) and cefuroxime(頭孢呋辛).[1] Treatment is usually for two or three weeks.[1] Some people develop a fever, and muscle and joint pains from treatment which may last for one or two days.[1] In those who develop persistent symptoms, long term antibiotic therapy has not been found to be useful.[1][2]
預防方法包括穿著長褲與使用[[敵避]]以避免蜱叮咬[1] ，使用殺蟲劑來減少蜱蟲數量也不失為一個好方法[1] 。若發現從身上抓到的蜱蟲體內充滿血液，則會建議使用抗生素[1] ，且在這樣的情況下，通常推薦使用一劑的[[四環黴素]]來治療病患[1] ，一般常見的[[鑷子]]也可作為夾除蜱蟲的好工具[8]。若已經引發感染症狀，有數種抗生素可在這個階段發揮作用；包括[[四環黴素]]、[[安莫西林]]以及[[頭孢呋辛]][1] 。療程大約需要兩至三個禮拜[1]。某些病患在過程中可能會有發燒、肌肉或關節痛，這個情況大概會持續一至兩天[1]。在那些已患有持續症狀的患者中，長時間的抗生素治療目前沒有發現對改善病徵有任何幫助[1][2]。
Lyme disease is the most common disease spread by ticks in the Northern Hemisphere(北半球).[9] It is estimated to affect 300,000 people a year in the United States and 65,000 people a year in Europe.[1][10] Infections are most common in the spring and early summer.[1] Lyme disease was diagnosed as a separate condition for the first time in 1975 in Old Lyme, Connecticut.[11] The bacterium involved was first described in 1981 by Willy Burgdorfer.[12] Chronic symptoms are well described and are known as post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome, although it is often called chronic Lyme disease. Some healthcare providers claim that it is due to ongoing infection; however, this is not believed to be true.[13] A previous vaccine(莱姆病) is no longer available. Research is ongoing to develop new vaccines.[1]
萊姆病是蜱蟲在[[北半球]]散佈最廣的疾病[9]。根據推估，在美國每年有近300,000人罹病，而在歐洲則有近65,000人[1][10]。感染季節通常集中於春天及初夏[1]，萊姆病於1975年第一次於美國[[康乃狄克州]]的{{le|老萊姆鎮|Old Lyme}}被發現而得名[11]。 1981年，萊姆病病原體首次為[[美國國家衛生總局]]的{{le|威利·伯格多費|Willy Burgdorfer}}所描述[12]。 病人會有慢性症狀，被稱為治療後萊姆病症候群（post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome），也常被稱為{{le|慢性萊姆病|chronic Lyme disease}}。有些醫療人員認為慢性萊姆病是持續性感染所造成；然而，這項觀點並未被認可[13]。由於過去的萊姆病疫苗已失去效用，現在已開始在進行新疫苗的研發[1]。