https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_Meningococcal_vaccine
Meningococcal vaccine refers to any of the vaccines used to prevent infection by Neisseria meningitidis.[1] Different versions are effective against some or all of the following types of meningococcus: A, C, W135, and Y. The vaccines are between 85 and 100% effective for at least two years.[1] They result in a decrease in meningitis and sepsis among populations were they are widely used.[2][3]They are given either by injection into a muscle or just under the skin.[1]
’’’流行性腦脊髓膜炎疫苗’’’指任何一種可以防止[[腦膜炎雙球菌|腦脊髓膜炎雙球菌]]感染的[[疫苗]][1]。 許多種不同疫苗均可以防止幾型或者全部型的腦脊髓膜炎雙球菌: A型，C型，W135型，與Y型。 疫苗在接種後的兩年內有效率可達百分之八十五至百分之百[1]。若在人群中廣泛施打，它可以減少人群患有[[流行性腦脊髓膜炎]]及[[敗血病]]的患病人數[2][3]。流行性腦脊髓膜炎疫苗可通過[[肌肉注射]]或[[皮下注射]]施打[1]。
The World Health Organization recommends that countries with a moderate or high rate of disease or with frequent outbreaks should routinely vaccinate.[1][4] In countries with a low risk of disease, they recommend that high risk groups should be immunized.[1] In the African meningitis belt efforts to immunize all people between the ages of one and thirty with the meningococcal A conjugate vaccine are ongoing.[4] In Canada and the United States the vaccines effective against all four types are recommended routinely for teenagers and others who are at high risk.[1] They are also required for people travelling to Mecca for Hajj.[1]
Safety is generally good. Some develop pain and redness at the site of injection.[1] Use in pregnancy appears to be safe.[4] Severe allergic reactions occur in less than one in a million doses.[1]
[[世界衛生組織]]建議中度或高度[[腦膜炎]]發生率的國家，或是頻繁爆發相關疾情的國家要有{{le|接種計劃|Vaccination schedule|計劃接種}}[1][4]。若是發生率較低的國家，也建議高風險群要接種疾苗[1]。在{{le|
非洲腦膜炎地帶|African meningitis belt}}已針對1至13歲的兒童及青少年，要接種A型腦脊髓膜炎雙球菌疾苗，目前有一個{{le|結合疫苗|Conjugate vaccine}}計劃正在進行[4]。在美國及加拿大會建議青少年及其他高風險群接種對四型病菌都有效的疾苗[1]，若是要前往[[麥加]]或是要[[朝覲 (伊斯蘭教)|朝覲]]，也建議接種疾苗[1]。一般而言疾苗是安全的，有些人會在注射後會有疾痛及注射部份紅腫的情形[1]。孕婦接種目前來看也是安全的[4]。在一百萬劑疾苗接種中，出現[[全身型過敏性反應]]的少於一起[1]。
The first meningococcal vaccine became available in the 1970s.[5] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines, the most important medication needed in a basic health system.[6] The wholesale cost is between 3.23 and 10.77 USD per dose as of 2014.[7] In the United States it costs 100 to 200 USD for a course.[8]
第一種流行性腦脊髓膜炎疫苗在1970年代開放施打。此疫苗被列在世界衛生組織的必要藥品清單中，為基礎衛生系統所需的重要藥品之一。2014年時，每劑流行性腦脊髓膜炎疫苗的批發價格約介於3.23至10.77美金，在美國整個疫苗接種療程則需花費100至200美金。