/metronidazole
英文引言:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_metronidazole
Metronidazole (MNZ) /mɛtrəˈnaɪdəzoʊl/, marketed under the brand name Flagyl among others, is a antibiotic andantiprotozoal medication.[3] It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease,endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis among others.[3] It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis.[3] It is the drug of choice for a first episodes of mild-to-moderate Clostridium difficile colitis.[4]Metronidazole is available by mouth, as a cream, and intravenously.[3]
Common side effects include nausea, a metallic taste, loss of appetite, and headaches.[3] Occasionally seizuresor allergies to the medication may occur.[3] Metronidazole should not be used in the early pregnancy but appears to be okay in later pregnancy.[3] It should not be used when breastfeeding.[3]
’’’甲硝唑’’’（Metronidazole，MNZ），目前多以咪唑尼達（Flagyl）的商品名流通，是一種抗生素和抗原蟲劑3]。常單獨或和其他抗生素一起使用，作為治療骨盆腔炎、心內膜炎與細菌性陰道炎的藥物[3] 。在對抗麥地那龍線蟲病、梨形鞭毛蟲症、陰道滴蟲和阿米巴病上更有顯著效果。針對首次發病的輕中度困難梭狀芽孢桿菌結腸炎患者，此藥更是第一優先藥物。甲硝唑可藉由口服、或製成乳膏甚至是經由靜脈注射來進行治療。常見的副作用包含噁心、口腔金屬味感、失去食慾還有頭痛[3] 。少數病患可能會有癲癇或產生藥物過敏[3] 。對於懷孕初期的孕婦，不應給予甲硝唑，但若是到了懷孕後期則沒有這個顧忌[3] 。特別注意的是，正在哺乳的婦女也不建議使用。
Metronidazole began to be commercially used in 1960 in France.[5] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines, the most important medication needed in a basic health system.[6] It is available in most areas of the world.[7] The pills are not very expensive being between 0.01 and 0.10 USD each.[8][9] In the United States it is about 26 USD for ten days of treatment.[3]
甲硝唑首先在1960年的法國開始被廣泛使用[5] ，它同時也名列世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單中。更是基礎醫療上必備的藥物[6]，在世界上大部分的國家都能輕易取得[7]。此藥物的價格非常平易近人，每顆平均價格介於0.01到0.1美元間[8][9]。在美國，十天的療程大約需花費26美元[3]。