Nitrofurantoin, sold under the trade name Macrobid among others, is an antibiotic used to treat bladder infections.[1] It is not effective for kidney infections. It is taken by mouth.[1]
呋喃妥因, 以Macrobid的商品名販售, 其為一種用以治療膀胱感染的抗生素. 對於腎臟感染不具效用, 須以口服方式服用.
Common side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and headaches. Rarely numbness, lung problems, or liver problems may occur. It should not be used in people with kidney problems.[1] While it looks like it is generally safe during pregnancy it should not be used near delivery.[1][2] It is bacteriostatic instead of being bactericidal.[1]
常見副作用包含噁心, 食慾不振, 腹瀉, 以及頭痛. 少見則可能發生麻木, 肺臟問題, 或是肝功能障礙. 此藥不適合腎臟功能低下患者使用, 即便此藥品對於孕婦看似無害, 但仍不建議在懷孕後期使用, 原理是抑制細菌生長, 而非殺菌.
Nitrofurantoin was first sold in 1953.[3] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[1] The wholesale cost is 0.005 and 0.46 USD a dose.[5] In the United States it is about 60 USD for 10 days of treatment.[1]
呋喃妥因於1953年上市, 並被列入世界衛生組織基本藥物, 是基本醫療體系中重要的藥物, 已有學名藥出售, 一個劑量的大盤價是0.005到0.46美金, 在美國十天療程約莫是60美金.