香港腳 Athlete's foot
編輯歷史
| 時間 | 作者 | 版本 |
|---|---|---|
| 2017-07-17 16:36 – 16:36 | r0 – r1 | |
顯示 diff+ 香港腳 Athlete's foot
+ 英文引言 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Translation_task_force/RTT/Simple_Athlete%27s_foot
+ 中文條目：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%99%A3
+
+ （原中文引言，歡迎參酌引用）
+
+ 足癬，古籍稱之為田螺皰、風邪腳氣，俗稱腳癬、腳溼氣、腳氣、香港腳、星加坡腳、曼尼剌腳[1]、運動員腳（由英文「Athlete's foot」直接翻譯）等，是腳掌表皮受真菌感染長成的一種癬類皮膚病。
+ 腳氣是足癬的俗名，常被誤為維生素B缺乏引起的「腳氣病」。
+
+ Athlete's foot, also known as tinea pedis, is a common skin infection of the feet cause by a fungus.[2] It often results in itching, scaling, and redness.[3]In severe cases the skin may blister(水疱).[4] In athlete's foot infection occurs most often between the toes.[3] The bottom of the foot can also be affected.[4] Fungal infection of the nails(甲癬) or the hands may occur at the same time.[5] It is a member of the group of diseases known as tinea(癬).[6]
+
+ '''香港腳'''，又稱為'''足癬'''{{notetag|其他俗名包含'''田螺皰'''、'''風邪腳氣'''、'''腳癬'''、'''腳溼氣'''、'''腳氣'''、'''香港腳'''、'''星加坡腳'''、'''曼尼剌腳'''[中1]、'''運動員腳'''（由英文「Athlete's foot」直接翻譯）等。}}，是種常見的皮膚病，而這樣的[[皮膚感染]]主要是由黴菌造成的[2] 。它常會引起發癢、脫皮以及皮膚發紅等症狀[3]。在少數病例當中，甚至可能會有[[水泡]]產生的情形[4] 。香港腳所導致的皮膚感染好發於指頭間[3]，但足底也有被感染的可能。同時間，還有可能罹患[[灰指甲]]或是手部的甲癬[5]。上述的疾病都是癬類皮膚病的一種[6]。
+
+ Tinea pedis is caused by a number of different fungi(真菌).[3] This includes Epidermophyton(表皮癬菌), Trichophyton(毛癬菌屬), and Microsporum(小孢癬菌) species.[5] It is typically spread by coming into contact with infected skin or the fungus in the environment.[3] Common areas that these fungi exist are around swimming pools and in locker rooms.[7] It may also be spread from other animals.[8] Usually the diagnosis is made based on the signs and symptoms; however, can be confirmed either by culture or seeing hyphae(菌丝) using a microscope(顯微鏡).[5]
+
+ 許多不同的[[真菌]]都㑹感染足癬，包括[[表皮癬菌]]，[[毛癬菌屬]]及[[小孢癬菌]]等[5]。足癬一般是透過接觸感染部位或是碰觸環境中的癬菌傳播[3]，像游泳池及沐浴間都是常見有癬菌的區域[7]。足癬也可能透過其他動物傳播[8]。一般可以依症狀及體徵進行診斷，也可以用{{le|微生物培養|Microbial_culture}}，或是用[[顯微鏡]]觀察[[菌絲]]判斷[5]。
+
+ Prevention is by avoiding walking barefoot in public showers, keeping the toenails short, wearing big enough shoes, and changing socks daily.[8][5] When infected the feet should be kept dry and clean and wearing sandals may help.[3] Treatment can be either with antifungal medication(抗真菌药) applied to the skin such as clotrimazole(克催瑪汝) or for persistent infections antifungal medication that are taken by mouth such as terbinafine.[2][5] The use of the cream is typically recommended for four weeks.[5]
+
+ 預防方法就是盡量避免在公共澡堂行走時光著腳、不讓腳指甲過長、穿合腳的鞋子並每天更換襪子[8][5]。一旦感染後，雙腳需保持乾燥而且穿著涼鞋對疾病的治療是有幫助的[3] 。醫治上，會利用可敷在皮膚上的[[抗黴菌藥]]，像是[[克催瑪汝]]就屬此類，或是長時間經由口服的抗黴菌藥物，例如[[療黴舒]][2][5] 。通常會建議病患持續使用軟膏至少四星期[5]。
+
+ Athletes foot was first medically described in 1908.[9] Globally, athlete's foot affects about 15% of the population.[2] Males are more often affected than females.[5] It occurs most frequently in older children or younger adults.[5] Historically it is believed to have been a rare condition, that become more frequent in the 1900s due to the great use of shoes, health clubs(健身房), war, and travel.[10]
+
+ 在1908年第一次對香港腳有完整的醫學記載[9]，而全球約有15%的人口感染香港腳[2]，男性患者較女性為多[5]。年齡分布上，年紀大的兒童或青壯年的病患比例較高[5] 。根據歷史記錄，1900年代前，香港腳還被認為是罕見疾病，但一直到近代，人們穿著鞋子、使用[[健身房]]、戰爭與旅遊的數量增高，而導致感染人數越來越多[10]。
+ *References[edit]
+ *Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 1135. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
+ *Bell-Syer, SE; Khan, SM; Torgerson, DJ (17 October 2012). Bell-Syer, Sally EM, ed. "Oral treatments for fungal infections of the skin of the foot".The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 10: CD003584. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003584.pub2. PMID 23076898.
+ * "Hygiene-related Diseases". CDC. December 24, 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
+ *"Symptoms of Ringworm". CDC. December 6, 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
+ * Kaushik, N; Pujalte, GG; Reese, ST (December 2015). "Superficial Fungal Infections.". Primary care 42 (4): 501–16. PMID 26612371.
+ * Moriarty, B; Hay, R; Morris-Jones, R (July 2012). "The diagnosis and management of tinea". BMJ 345 (7): e4380. doi:10.1136/bmj.e4380. PMID 22782730.
+ *Hawkins, DM; Smidt, AC (April 2014). "Superficial fungal infections in children". Pediatric clinics of North America 61 (2): 443–55. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2013.12.003. PMID 24636655.
+ * "People at Risk for Ringworm". CDC. December 6, 2015.
+ *Homei, Aya; Worboys, Michael (2013). Fungal disease in Britain and the United States 1850-2000 : mycoses and modernity. p. 44. ISBN 9781137377036.
+ *Perfect, edited by Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, John R. (2009). Antifungal Therapy. New York: Informa Healthcare. p. 258. ISBN 9780849387869.
|
||