醫週譯：心房顫動 / Atrial fibrillation
編輯歷史
| 時間 | 作者 | 版本 |
|---|---|---|
| 2017-07-17 16:42 – 16:42 | r0 – r1 | |
顯示 diff+ 醫週譯：心房顫動 / Atrial fibrillation
+ Wikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Translation task force/RTT/Simple atrial fibrillation
+
+ {{Infobox disease |
+ Name = 心房顫動 / Atrial fibrillation |
+ Image = SinusRhythmLabels.svg |
+ Caption = [[心電圖]]上{{link-en|正常竇性節律|normal sinus rhythm}}的示意圖。若發生心房顫動情形，則示意圖中代表[[心房|心臟頂端]]去極化過程的P波會變得模糊不清[新1]。|
+ DiseasesDB = 1065 |
+ ICD10 = {{ICD10|I|48||i|30}} |
+ ICD9 = {{ICD9|427.31}} |
+ ICDO = |
+ OMIM = |
+ MedlinePlus = 000184 |
+ eMedicineSubj = med |
+ eMedicineTopic = 184 |
+ eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|emerg|46}} |
+ MeshID = D001281
+ }}
+ Diagram of [[normal sinus rhythm]] as seen on [[ECG]]. In atrial fibrillation the P waves, which represent depolarization of the [[atria|top of the heart]], are absent.
+ *[新1]
+ *<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jjmt.com.tw/bwitw/introFibrillation.php |title=認識心房顫動 |date=2014-09-25 |accessdate=2015-03-24 |publisher=壯生醫療器材股份有限公司}}</ref>
+
+ Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterised by rapid and irregular beating.[1]Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time.[2] Most episodes have no symptoms.[3] Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain.[4] The disease increases the risk of: heart failure,dementia, and stroke.[3]
+
+ <!-- 定義與症狀-->
+ '''心房顫動'''（{{lang-en|Atrial fibrillation}}，簡稱：AF 或 A-fib），又稱為'''心房微顫'''、'''房顫'''、'''心房細動'''（日本）、'''心房纖維性顫動'''、'''心房纖顫'''、'''房性纖顫'''等，是[[心律不整|心臟不正常節律/心律不整]]的一種，特色是心臟快速而不規則的跳動[1]。心房顫動一開始發生時持續的時間可能相當短暫，但發作時間有可能越來越長、甚至不會緩解[2]。大部分發作時{{link-en|沒有症狀|Asymptomatic}}，有時病患會感覺到[[心悸]]、[[昏厥]]、[[呼吸困難]]、{{link-en|胸痛|Chest pain}}[4]。心房顫動會增加[[心臟衰竭]]、[[失智症]]和[[中風]]的危險性[3]。
+ *Chest pain原本的英文連結連到angina pectoris(心絞痛)去了[但語法中有chest pain的連結]，應該要連到chest pain(目前沒有中文條目)才對
+ *我贊成這樣處理，同時也留言 問了英文審定版的作者，看他會不會解釋原因～
+ *
+ *[1]
+ *<ref>{{cite web|title=Heart Disease Other Related Conditions|url=http://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/other_conditions.htm|website=cdc.gov|accessdate=19 February 2015|date=September 3, 2014}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[2]
+ *<ref name=Zoni2014>{{cite journal|last1=Zoni-Berisso|first1=M|last2=Lercari|first2=F|last3=Carazza|first3=T|last4=Domenicucci|first4=S|title=Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective.|journal=Clinical epidemiology|date=2014|volume=6|pages=213-20|pmid=24966695|doi=10.2147/CLEP.S47385}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[3]
+ *<ref name=Mun2014>{{cite journal|last1=Munger|first1=TM|last2=Wu|first2=LQ|last3=Shen|first3=WK|title=Atrial fibrillation.|journal=Journal of biomedical research|date=January 2014|volume=28|issue=1|pages=1-17|pmid=24474959|doi=10.7555/JBR.28.20130191}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[4]
+ *<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gray|first1=David|title=Chamberlain's symptoms and signs in clinical medicine : an introduction to medical diagnosis.|date=2010|publisher=Hodder Arnold|location=London|isbn=9780340974254|pages=70-71|edition=13th ed.|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=IXynWiryyjoC&pg=PA70}}</ref>
+
+ Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factor for AF.[5][6] Other heart related risk factors include: heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease.[5]In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever.[7] Lung related risk factors include: COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea.[3] Other factors include: excess alcohol, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis.[3][7] However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks.[3] Diagnosis is by feeling the pulse which may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG).[8] The ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.[8]
+
+ <!-- 病因與診斷-->
+ [[高血壓]]和{{link-en|瓣膜性心臟病|vavular heart disease}}是造成心房顫動的兩個最常見危險因子[5][6]。其他和心臟相關、也會增加得到心房顫動的危險因子還有：[[心臟衰竭]]、[[冠狀動脈疾病]]、{{link-en|心肌症|Cardiomyopathy}}和{{link-en|先天性心臟病|Congenital heart defect}}[5]。在開發中國家，瓣膜性心臟病多半是因為{{link-en|風溼熱|Rheumatic fever}}所造成[7]。和肺臟相關而會增加得到心房顫動的危險因子有：[[慢性阻塞性肺病]]、[[肥胖症]]和[[睡眠呼吸中止症]][3]。其他危險因子尚有：過量[[乙醇|飲酒]]、[[糖尿病]]、[[甲狀腺功能亢進症]][3][7]。然而，一半以上心房顫動的病人並沒有上述所說的危險因子[3]。當摸到紊亂的[[脈搏]]時可以推測可能患有此疾病，但確切診斷要靠[[心電圖]][8]，心電圖上會看到不規則的心室節律及找不到代表心房節律的{{link-en|P波|P waves}}[8]。
+ *[5]
+ *<ref name=Anu2014>{{cite journal|last1=Anumonwo|first1=JM|last2=Kalifa|first2=J|title=Risk Factors and Genetics of Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Cardiology clinics|date=November 2014|volume=32|issue=4|pages=485–494|pmid=25443231|doi=10.1016/j.ccl.2014.07.007}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[6]
+ *<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nguyen|first1=TN|last2=Hilmer|first2=SN|last3=Cumming|first3=RG|title=Review of epidemiology and management of atrial fibrillation in developing countries.|journal=International journal of cardiology|date=10 September 2013|volume=167|issue=6|pages=2412-20|pmid=23453870|doi=10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.184}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[7]
+ *<ref name=Kna2013>{{cite journal|last1=Mischke|first1=K|last2=Knackstedt|first2=C|last3=Marx|first3=N|last4=Vollmann|first4=D|title=Insights into atrial fibrillation.|journal=Minerva medica|date=April 2013|volume=104|issue=2|pages=119-30|pmid=23514988}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[8]
+ *<ref name=Ferg2013>{{cite journal |author=Ferguson C, Inglis SC, Newton PJ, Middleton S, Macdonald PS, Davidson PM |title=Atrial fibrillation: stroke prevention in focus |journal=ACC |volume=00 |issue=2 |pages=92–8 |year=2013 |pmid=24054541 |doi=10.1016/j.aucc.2013.08.002 |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1036731413001690 |last2=Inglis |last3=Newton |last4=Middleton |last5=MacDonald |last6=Davidson }}</ref>
+
+ AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control).[5] Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable.[9]Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people.[10] Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin may be recommended.[3] While these medications reduce this risk they increase rates of major bleeding.[11]
+ <!-- 治療-->
+ 心房顫動的治療一般是用藥物將心跳速度降至接近正常的範圍（此治療策略稱為速度控制，{{lang-en|rate control}}）或是用藥物將不規則的心律整流為正常的{{link-en|竇房節律|Sinus rhythm}}（此策略稱為心律控制，{{lang-en|rhythm control}}）[5]。{{link-en|電極心臟整流|Cardioversion}}可用於將心律整流為正常的竇房節律，當病人生命徵象不穩定時常使用這個方法[9]。{{link-en|射頻燒灼術|Radiofrequency ablation}}可用於防止心房顫動的再發[10]。心房顫動會增加中風的危險性，而依據病患發生中風的危險性高低不同，會分別建議給予[[抗凝劑]]如[[華法林]]（{{lang-en|Warfarin）或[[阿司匹林]][3]，值得注意的是，這些藥物雖然會減低中風的風險，但會增加[[出血|大出血]]的風險[11]。
+
+ *建議rate control, rhythm control兩個字原文還是要留下來，以免搞混.
+ *convert應翻為轉換，但在此翻整流似乎較精確？
+ *因通順性與可讀性之故，在依據病患發生中風的危險性高低不同此句前加上一句話
+ *認同鼎淵對於convert的用詞，以及對於用藥預防中風和出血風險的看法
+ *
+ *[9]
+ *<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Oishi|first1=ML|last2=Xing|first2=S|title=Atrial fibrillation: management strategies in the emergency department.|journal=Emergency medicine practice|date=February 2013|volume=15|issue=2|pages=1-26; quiz 27|pmid=23369365}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[10]
+ *<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Amerena|first1=JV|last2=Walters|first2=TE|last3=Mirzaee|first3=S|last4=Kalman|first4=JM|title=Update on the management of atrial fibrillation.|journal=The Medical journal of Australia|date=4 November 2013|volume=199|issue=9|pages=592–7|pmid=24182224|doi=10.5694/mja13.10191}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[11]
+ *<ref name=Stein2014>{{cite journal|last1=Steinberg|first1=BA|last2=Piccini|first2=JP|title=Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation.|journal=BMJ (Clinical research ed.)|date=14 April 2014|volume=348|pages=g2116|pmid=24733535|doi=10.1136/bmj.g2116}}</ref>
+
+ Atrial fibrillation is the most common abnormal heart rhythm.[3] In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population.[2] This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005.[12] In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected.[2] Afib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990.[13] The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.[3]
+ <!-- 流行病學與歷史-->
+ 心房顫動是最常見之引發異常心臟跳動的原因[3]。在歐洲以及北美洲，據2014年估計，約有2至3 %的人口受到心房顫動的影響[2]，相較於2005年的0.4至1 %人口，此疾病的患者人數有所增加[12]。而在[[開發中國家]]，男性約有0.6 %患有此一疾病，而約有0.4 %女性人口，亦受到心房顫動的困擾。患有心房顫動的人口比例隨著年紀而增加，50歲以下的人口，僅有0.14 %；而60至70歲的年齡層，則提升為4 %；而一但超過80歲，則超過14 %的年長者會有心房顫動的問題[2]。據統計，心房顫動和{{link-en|心室纖維顫動|Atrial flutter}}在1990年造成約29,000死亡病例，而在2013年，此數據增加為112,000名[13]。而歷史上首次記錄脈搏異常的報告出自1749年法國外科醫生{{link-en|尚巴提·德·塞納|Jean-Baptiste de Sénac}}；而首次利用心電圖記錄心房顫動過程者則是1909年，由英國的{{link-en|湯瑪斯·路易斯爵士|Thomas Lewis}}所完成[3]。
+
+ *[12]
+ *<ref name=AHA2006>{{cite journal |last=Fuster |first= Valentin |title=ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society |journal=Circulation |volume=114 |issue=7 |pages=e257–354 |year=2006 |pmid=16908781 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.177292}}</ref>
+ *
+ *[13]
+ *<ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal|last1=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death|first1=Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.|journal=Lancet|date=17 December 2014|pmid=25530442|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–171}}</ref>
+
+
+ 心房顫動（英文：Atrial fibrillation ，簡稱：AF 或 A-fib），又稱為心房微顫、房顫、心房細動（日本）、心房纖維性顫動、心房纖顫、房性纖顫等，是最常見的心律失常之一。心室顫動指心房呈無序激動和無效收縮的房性節律紊亂，常見於老年人，症狀為心悸、暈厥、胸痛、充血性心力衰竭等。
+ 2015-03-24 已整合此篇至中文維基百科「心房顫動」條目
+ 回到工作入口頁
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